Brown Tumour Secondary to Parathyroidism

Introduction

Brown’s tumour (osteitis fibrosa cystica) is a rare, non-neoplastic condition resulting from hyperparathyroidism. It is characterized by increased osteoclastic activity and bone turnover, which subsequently leads to the deposition of fibrous tissue. It generally affects long bones of the body, however it can affect facial bones, particularly the mandible. It can mimic other fibro-osseous, infective or malignant conditions.

Case Report

We report the case of a 67-year-old female with primary hyperparathyroidism. The initial swelling was found incidentally during an extraction. Radiographic appearance reported root resorption to adjacent teeth, whilst histological findings consisted of the typical multi-nucleated giant cells. Increased blood calcium and parathyroid hormone levels have confirmed primary impression.

Discussion

Brown's tumour is often a diagnostic challenge as it is misdiagnosed, particularly as a malignant lesion. Early detection is key in order to provide the appropriate treatment not only for the lesions but also for the underlying HPT.